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Shona Robison

Scottish politician (born )

Shona McRory Robison (born 26 May ) is a Scottish politician who has served as Cabinet Secretary for Finance and Local Government since [a] A member of the Scottish National Party (SNP), she previously served as Deputy First Minister of Scotland from to Robison has been the Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for Dundee City East since [c] and was an additional member for the North East Scotland region from to

Robison served as Minister for Public Health and Sport from to She then oversaw the Scottish Government's preparations for the Commonwealth Games as Minister for Commonwealth Games and Sport from to April , when she was promoted to the Scottish Cabinet by Alex Salmond as Cabinet Secretary for Commonwealth Games, Sport, Equalities and Pensioners' Rights.

When Nicola Sturgeon succeeded Salmond as First Minister in November , she appointed Robison the Cabinet Secretary for Health and Sport.

In , she resigned from government during a cabinet reshuffle after being widely criticised for her poorly received tenure as Health Secretary.[3][4][5] She returned to the backbenches, where she served on the justice and health committees.

In , Robison returned to Sturgeon's government as the Cabinet Secretary for Social Justice, Housing and Local Government. During her tenure in the position, she oversaw the government's efforts to pass the controversial Gender Recognition Reform (Scotland) Bill.

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    • Following Sturgeon's resignation as first minister in , Robison was appointed Deputy First Minister and Finance Secretary by Humza Yousaf in his new government. After Yousaf's resignation and the subsequent appointment of John Swinney as First Minister in , Robison resigned as Deputy First Minister but retained her finance portfolio in Cabinet, with additional responsibility for local government.

    Early life

    Shona McRory Robison was born in Redcar, North Yorkshire, England, on 26 May [6] She attended Alva Academy in Clackmannanshire.[7] She gained a Master of Arts in Social Science at the University of Glasgow in The following year, she gained a Postgraduate Cert in Community Education at Jordanhill College.[8]

    Robison joined the Scottish National Party (SNP) in [9] She was an active member of the party's youth wing the Young Scottish Nationalist, now known as Young Scots for Independence, where she met the likes of Nicola Sturgeon and Fiona Hyslop.[10]

    Before being elected to the Scottish Parliament, she worked in Glasgow City Council's Social Work Department.[11][12]

    Early parliamentary career

    SNP in opposition; –

    Robison contested in the first election to the Scottish Parliament for the Dundee East constituency.

    Although she was unsuccessful, having came second to Scottish Labour's John McAllion, she was elected as an additional member for the North East Scotland region. In her first term, she was member of the Health and Community Care Committee and was the Deputy Convenor of the Equal Opportunities Committee.[13]

    She served in the SNP's opposition cabinet as the shadow deputy minister for health and community care.

    In the Scottish Parliament election, Robison successfully defeated McAllion by just votes in Dundee East. She served as the Shadow Minister for Health and Social Justice in the SNP's opposition benches.[14] Robison was a member of the Health Committee.[11]

    Junior ministerial career; –

    After the SNP's victory in the election, Robison was appointed as the Minister for Public Health.[15] In , she added Sport onto her portfolio.[16] In the election, Robison was re-elected into the newly drawn, Dundee City East constituency.

    She was appointed Minister for Commonwealth Games and Sport.

    In the run up to the Scottish independence referendum in , Robison wrote to the University of Dundee to complain that a Dundee professor had chaired an event for the Better Together campaign. Robison insisted that Christopher Whatley's involvement in the Five Million Questions project about the implications of the referendum meant he should have taken a neutral stance on the constitutional issue.[17] However, Scottish Conservative leader Ruth Davidson said: "I'm not sure this kind of bullying and intimidation is the best advert for the SNP's vision of a future separate Scotland.

    In fact, it is chilling."[18]

    In April , Alex Salmond promoted her to the full Cabinet position of Cabinet Secretary for Commonwealth Games, Sport, Equalities and Pensioners' Rights.

    Cabinet Secretary for Health (–)

    Main articles: Premiership of Nicola Sturgeon and First Sturgeon government

    On 21 November , Robison was appointed by Sturgeon as Cabinet Secretary for Health, Wellbeing and Sport, in Sturgeon's first government.

    Following the election, she was reappointed into Sturgeon's cabinet as Cabinet Secretary for Health and Sport.[19] In January , during an appearance at Holyrood's Health and Sport Committee, she was warned by Labour MSP Neil Findlay of a "drugs disaster".[20] In , Scotland went on to record the highest number of drug deaths per head in the European Union, at a rate nearly three times higher than the UK average.[21]

    On 26 June , she announced her intention to resign from Cabinet.

    Shortly after a cabinet reshuffle was made by Sturgeon.[22] BBC political correspondent Glenn Campbell wrote after the reshuffle: "The most widely anticipated departure was t/hat of health secretary, Shona Robison. She's been under considerable pressure over NHS performance. She stood down on the day the Scottish government confirmed its worst cancer waiting times for six years."[3]

    Backbenches (–)

    Following her resignation from government, Robison returned to the backbenches.

    She served on the Parliament's Justice Committee and Social Security Committee. Amid the outbreak of the Coronavirus pandemic, she served as a member of the COVID Committee.

    In February , Audit Scotland published a report that concluded the Scottish Government had not prepared adequately for a pandemic. The watchdog also noted that recommendations from pandemic planning exercises during Robison's time as Health Secretary had not been fully implemented.

    Biography channel queen: Shona Robison was Deputy First Minister and Cabinet Secretary for Finance between March and May Read more about Shona Robison on the Scottish Parliament site. Was this helpful? To be updated.

    One particular failure it highlighted was that not enough had been done to ensure Scottish hospitals and care homes had enough personal protective equipment (PPE). Overall, it concluded that ministers "could have been better prepared to respond to the Covid pandemic". Nicola Sturgeon said there were "lots of lessons to learn".[23][24]

    Third Sturgeon government (–)

    Social Justice Secretary

    On 20 May , Sturgeon announced her third government, with Robison returning as Cabinet Secretary for Social Justice, Housing and Local Government.

    Robison held the position of Cabinet Secretary for Social Justice until the election of Humza Yousaf as First Minister in March Following a cabinet reshuffle, Yousaf appointed Shirley-Anne Somerville as Robison's replacement and promoted Robison to Deputy First Minister and Cabinet Secretary for Finance.

    Gender Recognition Reform (Scotland) Bill

    See also: Gender Recognition Reform (Scotland) Bill

    During Robison's tenure in the Social Justice department, she oversaw the implementation of the Gender Recognition Reform (Scotland) Bill which was received with backlash from many fearing it was jeopardising the safety of women.

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    • Robison reassured MSPs and the public that the bill did "not conflict with work to advance women's rights and equality" and that she was "conscious that some of the details of the proposed reforms have become lost within the wider discussions around trans rights and the perceived conflict with the rights of women and girls".[25] The bill intended to introduce a process of self-declaration for transgender people, allowing them to obtain a gender recognition certificate (GRC), thus removing the need for a psychiatric diagnosis of gender dysphoria before being allowed to change their gender legally.[25] In December , amendments had been put forward to the Scottish Parliament regarding the bill which saw MSPs sit and debate the bill in the Scottish Parliament chamber long into the evening.[26] Robison wrote to three individual MSPs claiming that their amendments put the bill "at serious risk".[26]

    The bill was blocked by the UK Government, with Robison stating that she would "vigorously contest" any attempt by the UK Government to block the gender reform legislations which the Scottish Parliament has control over.[27] Under Section 35 of the Scotland Act , Prime Minister Rishi Sunak blocked the implementation of the gender reform bill.

    This marked the first time that the UK Government had blocked a piece of legislation from being passed since devolution.[28]

    Deputy First Minister (–)

    See also: Premiership of Humza Yousaf

    On 28 March , newly elected First Minister Humza Yousaf announced Robison as his deputy first minister of Scotland.[29][30] She was officially sworn into office the next day and was appointed finance secretary in Yousaf's new government.[31]

    In July , Robison intervened in the speculation over Inverclyde Royal Hospital being downgraded.

    Robison issued a statement through an interview with The Telegraph on the issue, stating that the hospital would not be downgraded or lose its casualty department, citing the fact that the Emergency Department at Inverclyde Royal Hospital was "one of the best performing A&E's in Scotland, certainly within NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde.[32] Robison committed further money for improvements to both NHS Scotland services and facilities, citing proposals set out to be met by [32]

    Cabinet Secretary for Finance

    Robison said that her immediate priorities as Finance Secretary was "more efficient public services and fair work" being at the heart of the Economy of Scotland.

    In April , Robison launched the Scottish Government's Portfolio Prospectus which sets out a number of economic actions to be achieved by These include proposals for creating the UK's most progressive tax system to assist in the delivery of Scottish public services, new opportunities to tackle poverty and measures to grow the wellbeing economy whilst increasing the number of employees earning the real living wage, while narrowing the gender pay gap.

    Additionally, the Scottish Government has an ambition of spearheading Scotland as a leading European start-up nation for the creation of new businesses as well as developing Scotland's existing international exports while developing into new international trading market. Robison also recognising the importance of re-developing Scotland's infrastructure and economy to allow it to be more sustainable in the future, with plans for laying foundations to produce 5 Gigawatts (GW) of hydrogen production by , as part of a Scottish hydrogen supply chain.

    As Finance Secretary, Robison will commit to implementing a "New Deal" for Scottish local authorities.[33]

    Robison delivered her first Medium–Term Financial Strategy to the Scottish Parliament in May [34] Robison highlighted the importance of "sound public finances" being "key to ensuring we can tackle poverty and build a fair, green and growing economy whilst improving our public services".[34] Robison claimed that the current economic situation in Scotland had "been amongst the most challenging since devolution", citing global issues such as the Covid pandemic, the Russian invasion of Ukraine and soaring inflation being driving factors directly impacting the Scottish economy.[34] Robison was also critical of UK Government policy and decision making that had impacted on Scotland, including Brexit and its association economic impact, "a decade of austerity" and the September United Kingdom mini-budget.[34]

    Public sector workforce

    In November , Robison claimed that the workforce within Scotland's public sector "will have to shrink" as a result of funding pressure.[35] Robison claimed that public sectors such as health would be protected from any proposals to reduce the workforce, claiming that "tight budgets and inflation-driven pay deals" may require other public sectors to see their workforce reduced.[36]

    During an interview on The Sunday Show on the BBC, Robison said "This will be one of the most difficult budgets under devolution and we will be having a number of challenges around how to make sure we can invest what we can in public services.

    But I need to be honest with the public that this budget, this UK Tory budget and the chancellor's decisions have made my job very difficult. This is the worst case scenario for the Scottish budget".[37]

    Council tax freeze

    Ahead of the Scottish budget, the Yousaf government intended to maintain the council tax freeze which had been in place in Scotland since the first SNP led government came to power in However, two Scottish local authorities – Argyll and Bute Council and Inverclyde Council defied the Scottish Government and approved plans to increase the rate of council tax in their respective areas.[38] Argyll and Bute Council voted for a 10% rise and Inverclyde Council a % increase to council tax.[39] The administrations of Argyll and Bute Council and Inverclyde Council asked for additional funding from the Scottish Government to assist in maintaining a council tax freeze in their local authorities, with Robison saying that "if approved, it means households across the whole country would benefit from help during the cost of living crisis".[40]COSLA Resources Spokesperson, Councillor Katie Hagmann, explained that Robison's proposals to allocate £ million in the Scottish budget to fund the council tax freeze will "not fully fund a council tax freeze".

    Hagmann criticised the proposals, saying that "the Scottish Budget has not provided our local authorities with a fully funded council tax freeze as expected. The Scottish Government has set aside £m stating this will ‘fully fund’ a council tax freeze – this would only provide the income equivalent to a 5% rise".[41]

    By April , all Scottish local authorities, including Argyll and Bute Council and Inverclyde Council who had previously voted to increase council tax rates, confirmed that council tax would be frozen across all of Scotland's 32 local authorities after both Argyll and Bute and Inverclyde Councils voted to accept the Scottish Government funding package to support a council tax freeze for the forthcoming financial year.

    In a statement, Robison said that "many households continue to struggle with the impact of rising prices, and this council tax freeze – funded by the Scottish Government – is just one of many ways that we’re offering support.

    Biography channel jackie robinson Shona Robison takes a celebratory selfie after holding the Dundee East seat in Pressure on Ms Robison grew following a series of issues at the health board in her own constituency, NHS Tayside.

    Council tax is already lower in Scotland than elsewhere in the UK, and over two million households will now benefit from this freeze. We deeply value the role local authorities play in Scotland’s communities, which is why – in the face of a profoundly challenging financial situation – we have made available record funding of more than £14 billion to councils in , a real-terms increase of % compared with the previous year".[42]

    – Scottish budget

    Robison delivered the – Scottish budget to the Scottish Parliament in December [43] Upon setting the budget, Scotland faced a £ billion blackhole in finances.[44] Robison confirmed the Scottish budget for – to be £ billion, with the budget said to be being delivered "at a critical point for Scotland as we transition from the pandemic and respond to the impacts of inflation and the economic shocks caused by Brexit, the war in Ukraine".[45] £ billion was allocated to the Scottish Government department of NHS Recovery, Health and Social Care, £ billion to finance, £ billion to Social Justice, £ billion to transport, £ billion for education and Justice and Home Affairs, £2 billion for Wellbeing Economy, Net Zero and Energy, £ billion for rural affairs, islands and land reform, £ million for culture and foreign affairs, and £ million for the Crown Office and Procurator Fiscal Service.[46]

    In February , Robison wrote to Jeremy Hunt, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, where she was critical of the UK Governments proposals as set out in the UK Spring Budget.

    In the letter, Robison claimed that "economic outlook for the UK continues to look uncertain and while inflation has fallen compared to a year ago, it is still high and this is continuing to place a considerable strain on both public sector and household budgets".[47] Whilst she highlighted the continued strength of the economy of Scotland, she expressed concerns about the reduction in funding made available to the Scottish Government, as well as to other devolved governments, through the block grant.

    She claimed "Block Grant funding has fallen by % in real terms since and our UK capital funding is set to fall by almost 10% in real terms between and ", and as a result of the decrease in funding, argued for "increased investment by the UK Government in public services and infrastructure, as has been recognised by the International Monetary Fund".[48] She also addressed the continued "fallout" facing the economy as a result of Brexit, again highlighting that the majority of the Scottish electorate voted against leaving the European Union.

    Robison argued that Brexit continues to have a negative impact on Scottish businesses as a result of additional complexities and increased costs as a result of leaving the European single market.[49] Additionally, she highlighted to Hunt "National Institute of Economic and Social Research shows the UK economy is now % smaller than it would have been in the European Union, a gap which could increase to % by ".[50]

    The Scottish government confirmed up to £ million in spending cuts as Robison explained that these savings were crucial for supporting the Scottish budget.

    She attributed the financial pressures to prolonged Westminster austerity, Brexit, the war in Ukraine, and the cost of living crisis. Despite criticisms from opposition and advocacy groups, Robison defended the need for tough decisions to maintain fiscal responsibility.[51]

    Resignation

    Upon the resignation of Humza Yousaf and the subsequent election of John Swinney, on 8 May Robison resigned as Deputy First Minister.[52] In her resignation letter to Swinney, Robison stated that the previous week she believed stepping down from the role in favour of Kate Forbes would help bring the SNP together.[53] Forbes replaced her as Deputy First Minister.[52]

    Cabinet Secretary for Finance and Local Government (–present)

    Main articles: Premiership of John Swinney and Swinney government

    In the cabinet of John Swinney, Robison retained the Finance portfolio and gained the additional portfolio of Local Government.[54]

    Local government pay disputes

    In August , a series of strikes were set to impact on public sector services across Scotland including schools, refuse and other local government employees in a dispute over pay.

    Strike action was formally called off by the three largest trade unions in Scotland following an intervention from the Scottish Government which pledged an additional £ million to pay for an improved pay offer. The additional funding from the Scottish Government enabled the Convention of Scottish Local Authorities (COSLA) to make an improved pay offer to trade unions to consult with their members.

    The new pay offer would see an overall increase of %, with a rise of % offered to the lowest paid local government employees.[55] Following the announcement of additional funding to provide an improved pay offer, Robison stated that both she and the Scottish Government "value this vital workforce" but warned that to fund the improved offer "money from elsewhere in the budget will have to be moved and this will reduce funding for other programmes".[55]

    In October , strikes in Perth and Kinross closed schools, including in the constituency of incumbent first minister John Swinney, over pay disputes.

    The strikes were announced by trade union Unison and last for two weeks, with non–teaching staff, early years staff, janitorial and catering staff taking strike actions. Teachers were not striking during the strike action.[56] In response, the first minister, John Swinney, called for an end to the strikes stating that he hopes "Unison will continue meaningful dialogue with local government and join colleagues by accepting the offer and ending industrial action",[57] with Robison claiming that there was "no more money available" for improved local government pay deals.[58]

    Scottish budget

    Ahead of the Scottish budget, Robison stated that as a consequence of the increase to the amount of National Insurance public sectors employers pay which was announced by the UK Government that Scotland "must be compensated" by HM Treasury.

    She made the comments following the Chancellor of the Exchequer Rachel Reeves outlining the Autumn budget which is speculated to have a decrease in funding of £ million available to Scottish Government. Reeves suggested that an additional £ billion in investment which would be made available to the Scottish Government did "not include compensation" and she encouraged the Scottish Government to spend the extra investment "wisely".

    It was further announced by Reeves that the Scottish Government would receive an additional £ billion to compensate for additional staff costs as a result of the public sector workforce in Scotland being larger than that in the United Kingdom as a whole.[59]

    Robison demanded "urgent clarity" on the announcement of additional funding to compensate for increased staffing in public sector services in Scotland.

    There had been suggestions that Scotland could be "short changed" if the compensation amount for the increase in National Insurance is not proportional to the size of the public sector in Scotland.[59] Following the Autumn budget outlined by Reeves, Robison welcomed the budget claiming it was "a step in the right direction" but said that as a result of the budget, the Scottish Government "will still face enormous cost pressures".[60] Robison stated that she would carefully assess the Autumn budget in full ahead of her announcement of the Scottish Budget on 4 December [60]

    Robison delivered the Scottish budget to the Scottish Parliament on 4 December In the budget, Robison pledged that the Scottish Government would end the two child benefit cap in Additionally, record spending for the National Health Service in Scotland was announced, with £21 billion being earmarked for the NHS in order to reduce waiting times and to ensure access to GPs was easier for the public.

    Additional measures announced in the budget included extra winter payments for the elderly, funding to tackle the climate emergency and scrapping the council tax freeze. Opposition parties in the Scottish Parliament were critical of the budget, with Scottish Labour stating that the government was "going in the wrong direction", whilst the Scottish Conservatives claimed that budget was "more of the same" from previous budgets set by the Scottish Government.[61]

    Personal life

    She was married to Stewart Hosie,[62] who is the Westminster MP for Dundee East and was previously the SNP's Depute Leader.

    They have one daughter. Robison experienced a miscarriage in [63] It was announced on 15 May that the couple had separated.[64] This was followed by reports that Hosie had had an affair with Westminster-based freelance journalist Serena Cowdy.[65]

    1. ^ abAs Cabinet Secretary for Finance from 29 March to 8 May
    2. ^Cabinet Secretary for Commonwealth Games, Sport, Equalities and Pensioners' Rights in
    3. ^The constituency was known as Dundee East until , when it was renamed and redrawn as part of the First Periodical Review of Scottish Parliament Boundaries.[2]

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    External links