Audio biography of harry t burleigh background and education
Harry Burleigh
American opera singer
Musical artist
Harry Burleigh (born Henry Thacker Burleigh, December 2, – September 12, ) was an American classical composer, arranger, and professional singer known for his baritone voice. The first black composer who was instrumental in developing characteristically American music, Burleigh made black music available to classically trained artists both by introducing them to spirituals and by arranging spirituals in a more classical form.[3] Burleigh also introduced Antonín Dvořák to Black American music, which influenced some of Dvořák's most famous compositions and led him to say that Black music would be the basis of an American classical music.
Early and family life
Henry "Harry" Thacker Burleigh was born in Erie, Pennsylvania, in to Elizabeth Burleigh and Henry Thacker Burleigh Sr. Harry's grandfather, Hamilton Waters, was granted manumission from slavery in Somerset County, Maryland, after paying $55 ($50 for him and $5 for his mother) in and receiving a certificate of freedom in They traveled to Ithaca, New York, where two of Waters's half-brothers lived.
After his mother died, Waters married Lucinda Duncanson. Their first child, Elizabeth Lovey Waters (who would be Burleigh's mother) was born in Lansing, New York, in Later that year the family moved to Erie, Pennsylvania, where they lived until the s. Elizabeth, who was graduated from Avery College in Pittsburgh in , was denied a teaching position in the Erie Public Schools, but taught at the Colored School for many years.
Burleigh's father, Henry Thacker Burleigh Sr., a naval veteran in the Civil War, was the first black juror in Erie County in After his death in , Elizabeth remarried in Her second husband, John Elmendorf, was also a veteran of the Union Navy.
Burleigh's grandfather, who was known for his "exceptionally melodious voice", taught young Burleigh and his brother Reginald traditional spirituals and slave songs.
Burleigh helped support his family by various odd jobs: lighting gas streetlamps, selling newspapers and working as a printer's devil, as a coachman, and as a steward on Lake Eriesteamboats. He also studied to be an accountant at the Clark's Business College while he was in high school. His mother occasionally worked as a maid for the daughter of Burleigh Sr.'s employer when she held musicales (musical gatherings) in her home.
Burleigh served as a doorman when various famous musicians performed at those musicales, including Venezuelan pianist Teresa Carreño and Italian tenor Italo Campanini.
Burleigh studied voice with George F. Brierly. During and after his high school years Burleigh became known as one of Erie's most accomplished classical singers.
Several Erie churches and the Jewish synagogue hired him as a soloist, and he also sang as soloist at many community and civic events.[4]
Studies at the National Conservatory
Burleigh was accepted, with a scholarship, to the prestigious National Conservatory of Music in New York at the age of He obtained the scholarship with the help of Frances MacDowell,[3] the mother of composer Edward MacDowell, and he would eventually play double bass in the Conservatory's orchestra.
Although at first the Conservatory denied Burleigh the tuition scholarship he needed to be able to attend, citing him falling just below their audition standards, Mrs. MacDowell (the registrar) insisted that he be allowed to try his entrance exam again. Days later, he received a scholarship.
Relation with Dvořák
To help support himself during his studies, Burleigh worked for Mrs.
MacDowell as a handyman, cleaning and working on anything she needed. Reputedly, Burleigh, who later became known worldwide for his excellent baritone voice, sang spirituals while cleaning the Conservatory's halls, which drew the attention of the conservatory's director, Czech composer Antonín Dvořák, who asked Burleigh to sing for him.
Burleigh said: "I sang our Negro songs for him very often, and before he wrote his own themes, he filled himself with the spirit of the old Spirituals."[5] Dvořák said: "In the negro melodies of America I discover all that is needed for a great and noble school of music."[6]
From what he called "Negro melodies" and Native American music, Dvořák took up the Pentatonic scale, which appears in some places in his Symphony "From the New World" and at the beginning of each movement of the "American" String Quartet.
In the Symphony, a flute theme resembles the spiritual "Swing Low, Sweet Chariot" that may well be among those Burleigh sang to Dvořák.
In , another student of Dvořák, William Arms Fisher, wrote the spiritual-like song "Goin' Home" based on an English horn melody from the second movement (Largo) of the Symphony.
No evidence seems to exist that the song existed before , or the melody before the Symphony (), although both are disputed.[7] In Burleigh assisted Dvořák in copying out instrumental parts for the symphony.
The following year, Burleigh sang in Dvořák's arrangement of Pennsylvania native Stephen C. Foster's classic "Old Folks at Home". He graduated in , and later served on the conservatory's faculty.[7]
Singing career
Burleigh began his singing career as the baritone in his family's quartet.
By the time Burleigh left Erie in January , he was singing with the city's best vocalists at civic events and church gatherings. At the end of the summer of , Burleigh gave a performance in the Adirondacks, at North Hudson, New York, as the featured soloist in "the summer school for Christian workers". Nine months after arriving in New York City, Burleigh appeared in two Grand Encampment Concerts at the Metropolitan Church in Washington, D.C., as "the celebrated Western baritone."[8]
In , he became a soloist for St.
George's Episcopal Church in New York City. Some parishioners opposed hiring Burleigh at the all-white church, because of his race,[3] at a time when other white New York Episcopal churches were forbidding black people to worship. J. P. Morgan, a member of St. George's at that time, cast the deciding vote to hire Burleigh.[9] In spite of the initial problems obtaining the appointment, Burleigh became close to many members during his long tenure as a soloist at the church.
In , he retired from this position after 52 years. He was instrumental in starting its tradition of an annual Spirituals service every May (–55). His singing "The Palms" by Jean-Baptiste Faure was a Palm Sunday tradition for 50 years, and New York mayor Fiorello La Guardia arranged a radio broadcast from his office in [7] In the late s, Burleigh gained a reputation as a concert soloist, singing art songs and opera selections, as well as African-American folk songs.
He sang before King Edward VII in London in , among other prestigious European concerts.[7] From to , Burleigh was also a member of the synagogue choir at the Temple Emanu-El in New York, the only African-American to sing there.[9] He also frequently worked with Walter F. Craig and his orchestra.[10]
Burleigh disdained recording and it was long (mistakenly) believed that no recording existed of his voice.
He recorded once in , for a small label run by his friend George Broome, and again in for St. George's Church.
Audio biography of harry t burleigh Harry Burleigh (born Henry Thacker Burleigh, December 2, – September 12, ) was an American classical composer, arranger, and professional singer known for his baritone voice.The recording exists, but the latter recordings have never been found.[11]
Arrangements and compositions
In the late s, Burleigh also began to publish his own arrangements of art songs. About , he began to compose his own songs,[3] and by the late s, Burleigh was one of America's best-known composers of art songs.
Beginning around , Burleigh also worked editing music for G. Ricordi, an Italian music publisher with offices in New York.
Burleigh published several versions of the Negro spiritual "Deep River" in and , and quickly became known for his arrangements of spirituals for voice and piano. One of his arrangements in Common Metre is the hymn tune "McKee", used with John Oxenham's hymn "In Christ There Is No East or West".[12] His arrangements helped to make spirituals a popular genre for concert singers, and within a few years, many notable singers performed Burleigh's arrangements.[3]
Burleigh's art song arrangements of spirituals and sentimental songs were so popular during the late s and s, that almost no vocal recitalist gave a concert in a major city without occasionally singing them.[citation needed]John McCormack sang several of Burleigh's songs in concert, including "Little Mother of Mine" (), "Dear Old Pal of Mine" (), "Under a Blazing Star" (), and "In the Great Somewhere" ().[3] The popularity of Burleigh's settings contributed to an explosion of popularity for the genre during the s.
He set some poems by Walt Whitman to music and also published music for piano and violin.
Estimates of Burleigh's original musical output range from to songs. In , he was a founding member of the American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers (ASCAP), and received a seat on its board of directors in
Death and legacy
Through the s and s, Burleigh continued to promote especially the spirituals through publications, lectures, and arrangements.
His lifelong advocacy for the spiritual eclipsed his singing career, as well as his arrangements of art songs. He retired in because of ill health, and his son moved him from Long Island to a retirement home in Stamford, Connecticut, where he died, aged 82, from heart failure on September 12, [13] More than 2, people attended his funeral at St.
George's Church. Pallbearers included Hall Johnson, Noble Sissle, Eubie Blake, William C. Handy, and Cameron White.[14][15] His remains were returned for burial in Erie, Pennsylvania.[16]
With the success of Roland Hayes, Marian Anderson, and Paul Robeson, among others, many of whom he had coached, Burleigh's seminal role in establishing African-American soloists on America's recital stages seemed eclipsed.
Audio biography of harry t burleigh sometimes i feel like a motherless child: Harry T. Burleigh, biography on muscian's life. Poor video quality, audio is good. 20 minutes.
His many popular art songs from the early twentieth century have often been out of print since the composer's death. Nevertheless, he remains one of America's most important composers from the early twentieth century.[17]
In , Burleigh received the Spingarn Medal, which the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) awards annually for outstanding achievement by an African American.
He also received honorary degrees from Howard University and Atlanta University.
In , the oldest HBCU in the US, Cheyney State Teachers College (now Cheyney University of Pennsylvania) built a men's dormitory, Harry T. Burleigh Hall. It has been renovated and now contains offices.[18]
Nobody Knows: Songs of Harry T.
Burleigh, an album of his works by Karen Parks (co-produced by Parks and Grammy-winning producer David Macias), debuted at No. 2 on Billboard's Traditional Classical Album Chart upon its release.
Works he edited or transcribed continue in the Hymnal of the Episcopal Church (United States), including No.
("In Christ there is no East or West").
Other arrangements are included in the alternative hymnals, including Lift Every Voice and Sing.[19]
In , a committee was formed by Michelle Deal Winfield, State Committeewoman, 74th Assembly District to petition Community Board Six Manhattan for a street co-naming: Harry T.
Burleigh Place.
The NYC Council Member Carlina Rivera submitted the application and it was approved. The ceremony was held at South East corner of East Sixteenth Street and Third Avenue in Manhattan on September 12, In October , U.S. Representative Carolyn B. Maloney entered the celebration of Henry Thacker "Harry" Burleigh into the Congressional Record Extension Remarks: Volume , Number [citation needed]
Selected works
Violin and piano
- Six Plantation Melodies for Violin and Piano ()
- Southland Sketches ()
Piano
Art songs
- "Just Awearyin' for You", w.
Frank Lebby Stanton () m. Burleigh, not to be confused with Carrie Jacobs-Bond's more popular tune to the same lyrics [21]
- "Waiting" (poem of Martha Dickinson Bianchi, )[22]
- "I Love My Jean" (Robert Burns poem, )
- "Jean" (), w. Frank Lebby Stanton m. H. T. Burleigh[23]
- "Saracen Songs" ()
- "The Prayer" ()
- "The Young Warrior" (poem of James Weldon Johnson, )
- "Ethiopia Saluting the Colors" (poem of Walt Whitman, )
- "Little Mother of Mine" ()
- "Sailor's Wife" ()[24]
- "Dear Old Pal of Mine" ()
- "Under a Blazing Star" ()
- "In the Great Somewhere" ()
- "Five Songs" (poems of Laurence Hope, )
- "Lovely Dark and Lonely One" (poem of Langston Hughes, )
References
- ^"Current Comment – Harry Burleigh".
Portland Press Herald. Vol. Portland, Maine.
Harry t burleigh biography Henry "Harry" Thacker Burleigh (December 2, – December 12, ), a baritone, was an African American classical composer, arranger, and professional singer.September 23, p. ISSN OCLC via
- ^"New York, U.S., Arriving Passenger and Crew Lists (including Castle Garden and Ellis Island), for Henry Thacker Burleigh". Ancestry. August 12, Retrieved February 25,
- ^ abcdefSouthern, Eileen.
The Music of Black Americans: A History. W. W. Norton & Co. p.
- ^Jean E. Snyder. Harry T. Burleigh: From the Spiritual to the Harlem Renaissance. Champaign: University of Illinois Press,
- ^Jean E. Snyder, "A great and noble school of music: Dvořák, Harry T. Burleigh, and the African American Spiritual".
In Tibbetts, John C. (ed.), Dvořák in America: –, Portland, OR: Amadeus Press, , p.
- ^Interviewed by James Creelman, New York Herald, May 21,
- ^ abcdSimpson, Anne Key ().
Hard Trials: The Life and Music of Harry T. Burleigh. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press.
Audio biography of harry t burleigh wikipedia Harry T. Burleigh, biography on muscian's life. Poor video quality, audio is good. 20 minutes.pp.10– ISBN.
- ^Snyder, Jean E. (September 22, ). "Harry T. Burleigh, "one of Erie's most popular church singers"". Black Music Research Journal. 24 (2): – doi/ JSTOR
- ^ abCurrent Biography Yearbook . H. W. Wilson, The Bronx, New York.
pp.–
- ^Snyder , p.
- ^Brooks, Tim, Lost Sounds: Blacks and the Birth of the Recording Industry, –, –, Urbana: University of Illinois Press, The recording, "Go Down, Moses", is on the CD Lost Sounds, Archeophone ARCH
- ^"Tune: MCKEE". . Retrieved February 14,
- ^"AFROCENTRIC VOICES: H.
T. Burleigh Biography". .
- ^"H. T. Burleigh (–)" (biography), Library of Congress.
- ^"Harry Burleigh, A Dedicated Gospel Performer"Archived August 6, , at the Wayback Machine, African American Registry.
- ^Leonardi, Ron. "Erie ready to celebrate Harry T.
Burleigh Week". .
- ^Beaugez, Jim, How Black Composers Shaped the Sound of American Classical Music, Smithsonian, February 5,
- ^Cheyney University of Pennsylvania. Undergraduate Catolog –. Cheyney, Pennsylvania: Cheyney University of Pennsylvania.
Audio biography of harry t burleigh dvorak largo movement
Harry Burleigh (born Henry Thacker Burleigh, December 2, – September 12, ) was an American classical composer, arranger, and professional singer known for his baritone voice.p. Retrieved September 13, via Yumpu.
- ^The Hymnal . New York: Church Hymnal Corp. ISBN.
- ^ date from first publisher, William Maxwell Music. transferred to Theodore Presser in
- ^See "Just Awearyin' for You" and Professor De Lerma's essay Henry "Harry" T. Burleigh (–): African American Composer, Arranger & Baritone", which notes the tune for "Just Awearyin' for You" by African-American composer Harry T.
Burleigh:
- "Just a-wearying for you", for medium voice & piano. New York: William Maxwell, 6pp. Text: Frank L. Stanton. Library: Library of Congress.
- ^"Waiting, ". Song of America.
- ^Dedicated to Mrs. James Speyer, Item , high voice in E-flat (Philadelphia: Theodore Presser Company, ).
- ^Parker, Bernard S.
(). World War I Sheet Music (Volume 2). Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company. p. ISBN.